Iyiphi i-estrato ephansi kunazo zonke eBogotá futhi yiziphi izibonelelo ezitholwa abantu abakuyo?
Uhlelo lokuhlukanisa izigaba eBogotá luhlukanisa amakhaya ngokwezinga lawo lezenhlalo nezomnotho.
Izinga eliphansi kakhulu eBogotá yi-Estrato 1.
Abantu abakulesi sigaba bathola izibonelelo ezihlukahlukene ukuze bathuthukise izinga labo lokuphila.
Iyini i-Estrato 1?
I-Estrato 1, eyaziwa ngokuthi «Bajo-Bajo», imele imindeni enezinsiza zomnotho ezimbalwa kakhulu eBogotá. Lolu hlelo lokuhlukanisa ngokwezenhlalo nezomnotho lusiza uhulumeni ukuba abone futhi abeke eqhulwini ukwabiwa kwezinsiza nezibonelelo kulabo abazidinga kakhulu. Izindlu zalesi sigaba zivame ukuba sezindaweni ezinengqalasizinda eyisisekelo elinganiselwe nezinsizakalo zomphakathi ezingabizi kakhulu.
Inhloso yokuhlukanisa imindeni ku-Estrato 1 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ithola usizo oludingekayo ukuze ikwazi ukuthola izinsizakalo eziyisisekelo futhi ithuthukise izimo zayo zokuphila. Lolu hlelo alusetshenziswa eBogotá kuphela, kodwa kulo lonke elaseColombia, luvumele indlela ehlelekile yokulwa nokungalingani kwezenhlalo nezomnotho.
Izinzuzo Zokuhlukanisa Ngokwezenhlalo Nezomnotho
Ukuhlukanisa ngokwezenhlalo nezomnotho eBogotá kunezinhloso eziningi. Ngokuyinhloko, kwenza kube lula ukwaba imali yomphakathi ngokulinganayo, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imindeni esengozini enkulu ithola usizo olufanele. Kwenza futhi ukuthi izinhlelo zokuthuthukiswa komphakathi zigxile ezindaweni nasemaqenjini aludinga ngempela, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe umphumela wezinyathelo zikahulumeni.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yithuba lokuklama izinqubomgomo zomphakathi eziqondene nesigaba ngasinye. Lokhu kusiza ekubhekaneni nezidingo ezikhethekile zeqembu ngalinye, kukhuthaze ukulingana nokubandakanywa komphakathi. Ku-Estrato 1, imizamo igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukufinyelela ezinsizakalweni zezempilo, zemfundo nezezindlu, phakathi kokunye.
Izibonelelo Zezindlu
Amakhaya ahlukaniswe ku-Estrato 1 ayakwazi ukuthola izibonelelo ezihlukahlukene ezihlose ukuthuthukisa izimo zezindlu zawo. Lezi zihlanganisa izibonelelo zokuthenga indlu entsha noma esike yasetshenziswa, nezokuthuthukisa izindlu ezikhona. Lezi zibonelelo zilawulwa yizikhungo ezifana ne-Fondo Nacional del Ahorro (FNA) kanye nohlelo i-Mi Casa Ya, ezinikeza izindlela zokukhokha ezivumelana nezimo nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwesikhathi eside.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlelo zokuqasha izindlu zomphakathi ezinikeza usizo ukuze imindeni ikwazi ukuthola izindlu ezifanele ngamanani akhokhekayo. Lezi zinhlelo zibalulekile ekunciphiseni ukushoda kwezindlu nasekuqinisekiseni ukuthi abantu abaningi bahlala ezimweni ezifanele.
Ukuthola Izinsizakalo Zomphakathi
Imindeni ye-Estrato 1 ithola uxhaso ezindlekweni zezinsizakalo zomphakathi ezibalulekile, ezinjengamanzi, ugesi negesi yemvelo. Lolu xhaso lwenza izindleko zehle, lunciphise umthwalo wezezimali emakhaya asengozini enkulu. Inhloso ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imindeni ithola lezi zinsizakalo eziyisisekelo ngokuqhubekayo, ezibalulekile ukuze iphile impilo enesithunzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunemali yokugibela ekhethekile kwezokuthutha zomphakathi, eyenza abantu abakule Estrato bakwazi ukuhamba edolobheni ngezindleko eziphansi. Lokhu akusizi nje kuphela imindeni ukuba yonge imali, kodwa futhi kwandisa amathuba omsebenzi nawemfundo ngokwenza kube lula ukufinyelela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zedolobha.
Izinhlelo Zokudla Nezempilo
Uhulumeni waseBogotá usebenzisa izinhlelo zokudla eziqinisekisa ukuthi imindeni ye-Estrato 1 ithola umsoco oyisisekelo. Lezi zinhlelo zihlanganisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamaphasela okudla nokuhlinzekwa kokudla ezikhungweni zokudlela zomphakathi. Ukuvikeleka kokudla kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa impilo nenhlalakahle yale miphakathi.
Ngokuqondene nezempilo, kunoxhaso lokuthola izinsizakalo zezempilo eziyisisekelo, okuhlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuyisisekelo, imigomo nemithi ebalulekile. Izikhungo zezempilo ezisezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi be-Estrato 1 nazo zinezinhlelo ezikhethekile zokubhekana nezidingo ezithile zale miphakathi, njengemikhankaso yokuvimbela izifo nezinkundla zokufundisa ngezempilo.
Imfundo ye-Estrato 1
Imfundo iyinsika ebalulekile yokuphula umjikelezo wobumpofu. Ngakho-ke, imindeni ye-Estrato 1 ingathola uxhaso nezinhlelo zemfundo ezenza kube lula ngezingane nentsha ukuya esikoleni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imifundaze, uxhaso lwezinto zesikole nezokuthutha, kanye nezinhlelo zokuqinisa ukufunda.
Izikhungo zemfundo ezisezindaweni ze-Estrato 1 zivame ukuthola uxhaso olwengeziwe lukahulumeni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ingqalasizinda nekhwalithi yemfundo. Inhloso ukunikeza abafundi indawo efanele yokufunda nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono azobasiza bathuthukise izimo zabo zokuphila esikhathini esizayo.
Umthelela Kwezenhlalo Nakwezomnotho
Uxhaso olunikezwa imindeni ye-Estrato 1 lunomthelela omkhulu kwezenhlalo nakwezomnotho. Ngokunciphisa izithiyo ekutholeni izinsizakalo eziyisisekelo, lolu xhaso aluthuthukisi nje kuphela izinga lokuphila kwabantu, kodwa luphinde lube nesandla ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wedolobha lilonke. Imindeni efinyelela ezindlini ezifanele, emfundweni esezingeni eliphezulu nasezinsizakalweni zezempilo iba sesimweni esingcono sokuba nesandla emnothweni wendawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuncipha kobumpofu nokungalingani kunemiphumela emihle ekubumbaneni komphakathi nasekuzinzeni kwedolobha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukutshalwa kwezimali ezigabeni eziphansi kuholela emphakathini ofunde kakhulu futhi onempilo engcono, okwazi ukubamba iqhaza elibonakalayo ekuthuthukisweni komnotho nezenhlalo yaseBogotá.
Sengiphetha, i-Estrato 1 yaseBogotá imele umphakathi obhekene nezinselele eziningi zezenhlalo nezomnotho. Ngenxa yoxhaso nezinhlelo zokweseka, le mindeni inethuba lokuthuthukisa izimo zayo zokuphila. Umthelela walezi zinhlelo awubonakali nje kuphela enhlalakahleni yomuntu ngamunye, kodwa nasekuqiniseni umphakathi nasekuthuthukiseni idolobha ngendlela eqhubekayo. Ukuqhubeka nokutshala imali kulezi zindawo kubalulekile ekwakheni iBogotá elinganayo nelamukela wonke umuntu.