Kuyaqala ukukhokhwa kosizo lwe-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado, olwenyuswe ngo-2025

I-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado (imali encane eqinisekisiwe; IMG) iyisu elibalulekile lokweseka imindeni ebhekene nezimo zobucayi eColombia. Lolu xhaso luhlose ukuthuthukisa izinga lokuphila labantu abaswele kakhulu, ikakhulukazi eBogotá. Njengoba kuqala ukukhokhwa kwalo, izakhamuzi eziningi zibheke ngabomvu izindaba ezintsha nezimfuneko.

Kusukela mhla ka-17 kuJanuwari 2025, i-Secretaría Distrital de Integración Social de Bogotá yaqala ukukhokha imali ehambisana nalolu hlelo olubalulekile. Le mali idluliselwa ngezindlela zesimanje ezenza kube lula ukuthi abazuzi bayithole. Isimo somnotho wezwe sigcizelela ukubaluleka kosizo olunjengalolu.

Lesi sihloko sikhuluma ngezici ze-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado, inani layo elibuyekeziwe, indlela yokukhokha kanye nokuthi ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi ungumzuzi. Ngezansi kuchazwe lolu lwazi olubalulekile.

Ukukhokhwa kwe-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado

Kusukela mhla ka-17 kuJanuwari odlule, i-Secretaría Distrital de Integración Social de Bogotá isiqalise umjikelezo wokukhokha izimali ezidluliselwa ngaphansi kwe-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado. Lo mzamo wenze ukuba izinkulungwane zemindeni ziqale ukuthola usizo lwezezimali olubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni izimo zayo zokuphila.

Abaphathi bendawo bahlele isabelomali esikhulu, babela imali engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-45 zama-peso aseColombia kulo mjikelezo wokuqala wokukhokha kaJanuwari. Leli nani libonisa ukuzibophezela kukahulumeni kubantu abasengozini enkulu, abathembele kulolu xhaso ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zabo eziyisisekelo.

Ukwenyuka kwenani

NgoJanuwari 2025, kumenyezelwe ukwenyuka ngo-15,3 % kwezimali ezidluliselwa ngaphansi kwe-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado. Lokhu kwenyuka kusho ukuthi abazuzi bazothola inani elihlukile, elizokhuphuka lisuke ku-$130.000 pesos liye ku-$150.000 pesos. Lokhu kulungiswa kubalulekile ukuze usizo luhambisane nesimo somnotho wezwe kanye nezindleko zokuphila zamanje.

Lokhu kwenyuka kuyingxenye yochungechunge lwezinguquko ezihlose ukugcina izinhlelo zezenhlalakahle eColombia zisabalulekile futhi zisebenza kahle, ikakhulukazi njengoba isidingo sosizo lwezezimali sikhula ngezikhathi zobunzima. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kubhekwe ukuguquguquka kwemakethe kanye nenhlalakahle yezakhamuzi.

Indlela yokukhokha

Imali yosizo lwe-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado izodluliselwa ngezikhwama zemali zedijithali ezihlukahlukene. Izinkundla ezizosetshenziswa zifaka i-DaviPlata, i-Nequi, i-Movii, i-Bancolombia a la mano kanye ne-Dale!. Le ndlela ayigcini nje ngokwenza kube lula ukuthola uxhaso, kodwa futhi ikhuthaza ukufakwa kwabantu ohlelweni lwezezimali, ivumele abantu abaningi ukuba basebenzise izinsizakalo zedijithali.

Kubalulekile ukuba bonke abazuzi bahlale bebhekile imiyalezo yokuqinisekisa ezothunyelwa yilezi zinkundla. Le miyalezo ibalulekile ukuze abazuzi bakwazi ukukhipha imali yabo ngaphandle kwezinkinga, ngaleyo ndlela baqinisekise ukuthi bathola usizo abaludingayo.

Izimfuneko zokuba ngumhlomuli

Ukuze umuntu afaneleke ukuba phakathi kwabazuzi be-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado, kunezimfuneko ezithile. Izakhamuzi kufanele zibe seqenjini A noma B le-Sisbén futhi zibe ngamalungu emindeni ehlupheka kakhulu. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi zingatholi olunye uxhaso olungahambisana nalolu, olungathinta ukufaneleka kwazo kulolu hlelo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi imindeni esesigabeni B se-Sisbén izoyeka ukuthola le mali, ngakho-ke labo abangaba ngabazuzi kufanele bazi kahle ngesimo sabo kulolu hlelo lwezigaba. Ngaleyo ndlela, bangathatha ezinye izinyathelo uma kudingeka.

Ukuqinisekisa abahlomuli

Ukuze umuntu athole ukuthi ungumzuzi yini we-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado, angabheka isimo sakhe ngesixhumanisi esinikezwe yi-Secretaría Distrital de Integración Social. Izakhamuzi zingavula isixhumanisi esilandelayo zigcwalise ifomu ngemininingwane kamazisi edingekayo.

Le ndlela yokuqinisekisa ilula futhi iyashesha, futhi ivumela abantu ukuba bathole ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze bazi ukuthi bangaluthola yini uxhaso. Ukutholakala kalula kwalolu lwazi kubalulekile ukuze zonke izakhamuzi ezinentshisekelo zikwazi ukuthola izinzuzo ezizifanele.

Ukubaluleka kwe-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado

I-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado ayimeleli nje kuphela usizo lwezezimali emindenini eminingi, kodwa futhi iyisinyathelo esiya ekunciphiseni ubumpofu eColombia. Lolu xhaso aluhloselwe kuphela ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziyisisekelo, kodwa futhi lukhuthaza inhlalakahle yezenhlalo nezomnotho yemindeni esengozini enkulu. Ngokunikeza imali eyisisekelo, kukhuthazwa isithunzi nokuzimela kwabantu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-IMG ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kanye nokuthola izinsizakalo zezezimali. Esikhathini lapho ukusetshenziswa komakhalekhukhwini nezinhlelo zokusebenza sekujwayelekile, lolu hlelo luhambisana nezitayela zamanje, lwenza ukuphila kwabazuzi kube lula futhi lukhuthaze ukufakwa kwabo emhlabeni wedijithali.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwe-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado kubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komphakathi wezwe. Ohulumeni bendawo, njengowaseBogotá, badlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenziseni lezi zinhlelo, beqinisekisa ukuthi izinsiza zifinyelela kulabo abazidinga ngempela. Lokhu kudinga ukuphathwa okusobala nokuphumelelayo ukuze usizo lwezezimali lube nomthelela omkhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.

Izinselele zesikhathi esizayo

Naphezu kwempumelelo ezuziwe, uhlelo lwe-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado lusabhekene nezinselele eziningi. Enye yazo ukulusebenzisa ngokulinganayo nangempumelelo kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imindeni efanelekayo ithola usizo oluyifanele ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuba imindeni eswele ishiywe ngaphandle.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa nayo inezinselele, ngoba kudingeka uhlelo oluqinile lokuphatha oluqinisekisa ukuthi usizo lwabiwa ngokusobala futhi lufinyelela ezakhamuzini ezifanele. Ngokufanayo, ukulwa nokukhwabanisa nokungahambi kahle kwezinto kuzoba yingxenye ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu hlelo luyaqhubeka nokusebenza esikhathini eside.

Ekugcineni, kubalulekile ukuba umphakathi ubambe iqhaza ngenkuthalo ekuqapheni lolu hlelo. Ukubambisana phakathi kwezakhamuzi nezikhungo zikahulumeni kungasiza ekutholeni izindawo ezidinga ukuthuthukiswa nasekusebenziseni kangcono izinsiza ezikhona. Ngokubambisana, bangasebenzela umgomo ofanayo: ukunciphisa ubumpofu nokuthuthukisa izinga lokuphila eColombia.

I-Ingreso Mínimo Garantizado iyinsika emzabalazweni wokulwa nobumpofu ezweni. Ukugcina nokuthuthukisa lolu hlobo losizo lwezezimali kubalulekile ekwakheni ikusasa elinobulungisa nokulingana okwengeziwe lawo wonke amaColombia. Ukunaka yonke imininingwane ekusetshenzisweni kwalo kanye nokuzimisela ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zabantu ezishintshayo kuyizinyathelo ezidingekayo kulo msebenzi obalulekile.