Indlela yokufumana isibonelelo sokungaphangeli kwiingxowa-mali zembuyekezo yosapho: iimfuno nemali efumanekayo

Ngutechnisor
Iintengiso

Ukungabikho komsebenzi kunokuba yenye yezona meko zinzima umntu ajamelana nazo. Ukungaqiniseki kwezemali kudala unxunguphalo nexhala. Noko ke, kukho inkxaso enikezelwayo ukuze kuncedwe abo bakule meko.

EColombia, isibonelelo sokungaphangeli yenye indlela ebalulekileyo yoncedo. Le nkxaso ifumaneka ngamaziko embuyekezo yosapho. Apha siza kucacisa indlela yokufumana esi sibonelelo, isixa saso kunye neemfuno ezifunekayo.

Ukwazi indlela esisebenza ngayo isibonelelo sokungaphangeli kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu kuzinzo lwezoqoqosho lwentsapho. Apha ngezantsi kunikwe zonke iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo.

Iintengiso

Ngaba awuphangeli? Funda indlela esisebenza ngayo isibonelelo sokungaphangeli esinikwa ngamaziko embuyekezo yosapho.

Xa umntu ephelelwa ngumsebenzi, kuqhelekile ukuba abe nexhala, akhathazeke okanye oyike ngenxa yamathuba ambalwa anawo okuhlawula onke amatyala, amatyala eenkonzo zikawonke-wonke, kwanokuncedisa ngemali kwiindleko zekhaya. Ngenxa yale meko, uRhulumente waseColombia waphumeza uthotho lwemigaqo ngoLey 2225 de 2022, ukuze amaziko embuyekezo abonelele abantu abangaphangeliyo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zenkxaso.

Yimalini isibonelelo sokungaqeshwa?

Ummi ofaka isicelo kwiziko abhalise kulo angafumana isibonelelo kangangexesha elingangeenyanga ezi-4. Iintlawulo zesi sibonelelo ziya kuncipha, ukusuka kwi-40% ukuya kwi-10% yemali elingana ne-1.5 yomvuzo omncinane wenyanga omiselwe ngumthetho nosebenzayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba intlawulo yokuqala iya kuba malunga ne-$780.000 COP, ngokutsho koMthetho okhankanyiweyo.

Ulandelelwano lweentlawulo lulolu:

  • Intlawulo yokuqala: yi-40% ye-1.5 SMMLV.
  • Intlawulo yesibini: yi-30% ye-1.5 SMMLV.
  • Intlawulo yesithathu: yi-20% ye-1.5 SMMLV.
  • Intlawulo yesine: yi-10% ye-1.5 SMMLV.

Usifaka njani isicelo sesibonelelo sokungaphangeli kwiingxowa-mali zembuyekezo yosapho?

Bonke abemi baseColombia abangaphangeliyo nabathe kule minyaka mithathu idlulileyo banegalelo kwingxowa-mali yembuyekezo yosapho kangangonyaka omnye ubuncinane, ngokuqhubekayo okanye ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, banokufumana isibonelelo sokungaphangeli esasekwa ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko loluntu xa bephelelwa ngumsebenzi. Ngaphezu koko, ayipheleli nje ekubeni ibe yimali: abo bafumana esi sibonelelo baya kuhlawulelwa iminikelo yezempilo neyepenshini kangangeenyanga ezi-6 ubuninzi, ibalwe ngokusekelwe kumvuzo omncinane wenyanga omiselwe ngumthetho nosebenzayo (SMLMV).

Ziziphi iimfuno zokufumana isibonelelo sokungaphangeli?

Ukuze ufumane esi sibonelelo sibalulekileyo, kubalulekile ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile ezimiselweyo. Nazi ezona mfuno zisisiseko:

  • Ukuba umsebenzi wakho uphelile kwaye awuphangeli, okanye ukuba uzisebenzela, awunazivumelwano okanye omnye umthombo wengeniso.
  • Ukuba wenze iminikelo kwingxowa-mali yembuyekezo yosapho kangangonyaka omnye ubuncinane, ngokuqhubekayo okanye ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu edlulileyo.
  • Ukubhalisa kuyo nayiphi na inkonzo yengqesho egunyazisiweyo eyinxalenye yoThungelwano lweeNkonzo zeNgqesho.
  • Ukubhalisa kwiinkqubo zoqeqesho noqeqesho ngokutsha ngokwemiqathango ebekwe nguRhulumente weSizwe.
  • Ukuze bafumane isibonelelo semali, abo bafumana umvuzo ongadluli kwimivuzo ephantsi eyi-2 kumele ukuba bonge ubuncinane i-10% yomndilili womvuzo wabo wenyanga wonyaka ophelileyo kwimali yembuyekezo yokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi. Kwabo bafumana ngaphezu kweso sixa, imali ekufuneka beyongile ubuncinane yi-25%.

Nantsi indlela yokufumana isibonelelo

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba uzalisekise zonke iimfuno ezichazwe kwiphepha leMinisterio de Trabajo (iSebe lezaBasebenzi), kwicandelo leMecanismo de Protección al Cesante (iNkqubo yoKhuselo lwabangaphangeliyo). Ukulandela la manyathelo ngokuchanekileyo kuya kwandisa amathuba okuba isicelo sesibonelelo sokungaphangeli samkelwe, kuze kubonelelwe ngoncedo olubalulekileyo xa kukho imfuneko yemali.

Kubalulekile nokukhumbula ukuba injongo yesi sibonelelo kukunika inkxaso yexeshana ngoxa ukhangela umsebenzi. Isixa sesibonelelo sinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwingxowa-mali yembuyekezo yosapho obhalise kuyo, kodwa ngokubanzi inkxaso enikelwayo ijolise ekuphuculeni imeko yezemali yomntu osifumanayo.

Enye inxalenye ebalulekileyo yale nkqubo kukufumana iingcebiso ngokonga imali yembuyekezo yokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi, nangendlela enokusetyenziswa ngayo ngempumelelo kunye nesibonelelo ukuhlawula iindleko ezisisiseko. Kucetyiswa ukuba uhlale unxibelelana nengxowa-mali yembuyekezo yosapho ukuze ufumane zonke izibonelelo onelungelo lokuzifumana.

Ngamafutshane, isibonelelo sokungaphangeli esibonelelwa ziingxowa-mali zembuyekezo eColombia siba yinkxaso ebalulekileyo kubantu abaninzi. Inkxaso kaRhulumente kule nkqubo inceda abemi ukuba badlule kumaxesha anzima. Ukwazi kakuhle iimfuno nendlela yokufaka isicelo kunokwenza umahluko ekuhlawuleni iindleko ngexesha lokungaphangeli.

Ukuze ufumane isibonelelo, akufuneki nje ukuba uzalisekise iimfuno; kubalulekile nokuphonononga iinkqubo zoqeqesho ezinokuphucula izakhono zomsebenzi, ngaloo ndlela zandise amathuba okufumana umsebenzi. Oku kuya kukunceda ujongane nemarike yezemisebenzi unezakhono ezikhuphisanayo ngakumbi, wandise amathuba okubuyela emsebenzini kungekudala.

Ekugqibeleni, isibonelelo sokungaphangeli siyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokhuseleko loluntu eColombia, kuba sivumela abemi ukuba bagcine umgangatho othile wokuphila kakuhle ngamaxesha anzima. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukucwangcisa kakuhle nokusebenzisa izixhobo namathuba akhoyo ukuze ukwazi ukuqhubela phambili.

Amanqaku afanayo