Umxhaso wokungasebenzi: Isikhathi sezinzuzo ze-Mecanismo de Protección

Ukungasebenzi kuyisimo esithinta abantu abaningi eColombia. Izinkinga zomnotho zingaba nzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ngezibonelelo ezitholakalayo kulabo ababhekene nalesi simo.

Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu yi-Mecanismo de Protección al Cesante. Lesi sibonelelo senzelwe ukuxhasa labo abangasebenzi. Ukusiza izakhamuzi ezikulesi simo kubalulekile ukuze zigcine izinga lazo lokuphila.

Uhulumeni usungule izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokuvikela abantu abangasebenzi. Ngalezi zinhlelo, kuhloswe ukuba bakwazi ukubhekana nezibopho zabo zezimali futhi baqhubeke nokuthola izinsizakalo ezibalulekile.

Lolu xhaso lwenza izakhamuzi zikwazi ukuqhubeka nokuthola ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukonga imali yempesheni, ukuthola isibonelelo somndeni kanye nezinsizakalo zokuxhumanisa abafuna umsebenzi nabaqashi nokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi.

Eminyakeni yakamuva, kwagqugquzelwa umthethosivivinywa obaluleke kakhulu ekuvikelweni kwabaseColombia abaphelelwa yimisebenzi. Ukukhathazeka ngenhlalakahle yabantu kwaholela ekusungulweni kwe-Fondo de Solidaridad de Fomento al Empleo y Protección al Cesante. Lesi sikhwama sixhasa isibonelelo salabo abangasebenzi.

Lesi sikhwama sasungulwa ngenhloso yokuqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamuzi ziyakwazi ukukhokhela izibopho zazo zezimali ngokuthula kwengqondo okuthile, ngisho noma zibhekene nokuphelelwa umsebenzi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanemindeni nabathembele emalini abayitholayo ukuze bondle imizi yabo.

Ngizothola izinzuzo ze-Mecanismo de Protección al Cesante isikhathi esingakanani uma ngingasebenzi futhi ngingawutholi umsebenzi?

EColombia, izinzuzo zesibonelelo sokungasebenzi zinikezwa ngokomthetho osebenzayo. Lo mthetho ubeka ukuthi lolu xhaso lwezimali luhloselwe izakhamuzi ezingasebenzi ezibonisa ukuthi ziyaludinga. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zinzuzo zinikezwa isikhathi esilinganiselwe.

Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa lo mthetho, kwacwaningwa isikhathi esimaphakathi umuntu angasithatha ukuze athole umsebenzi omusha. Lolu cwaningo lwaphetha ngokuthi isibonelelo sinikezwa isikhathi esingedluli izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuhloswe ukuba abazuzi bafune ngenkuthalo amathuba amasha omsebenzi.

Nokho, kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi isibonelelo singaphela ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha uma ozuzayo ethola umsebenzi omusha. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusetshenziswa kabi kwalolu hlelo futhi kukhuthazwe ukufuna umsebenzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazuzi kufanele bahlangabezane nezimfuneko ezithile. Uma bengalusebenzisi kahle lolu xhaso lwezimali noma bengalandeli iziqondiso ezibekiwe, bangase balahlekelwe yilungelo lokuthola lolu sizo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba labo abathola lesi sibonelelo basisebenzise ngendlela efanele futhi bafeze izibopho zabo.

Izimfuneko zokuthola isibonelelo sokungasebenzi

Ukuze bathole isibonelelo sokungasebenzi eColombia, izakhamuzi kufanele zihlangabezane nezimfuneko ezithile ezibekwe ngumthetho. Ngezansi kuchazwe izimfuneko eziyinhloko okufanele zicatshangelwe:

• Ukuba neminyaka yobudala esemthethweni: Umfakisicelo ngamunye kufanele abe neminyaka okungenani engu-18 ephelele.
• Ukungasebenzi: Umfakisicelo kufanele aveze ubufakazi bokuthi akasebenzi.
• Ukuhlangabezana nesikhathi esincane sokukhokha iminikelo: Kudingeka ukuba umuntu abe ekhokhe iminikelo ohlelweni lwezokuphepha komphakathi isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokuphelelwa umsebenzi.
• Ukufuna umsebenzi ngenkuthalo: Abazuzi kufanele bakhombise ukuthi bathatha izinyathelo zokuthola umsebenzi.
• Ukuhambisa imibhalo edingekayo: Kubalulekile ukunamathisela yonke imibhalo ecelwe yizikhungo ezibhekele lolu hlelo.

Ukuhlangabezana nalezi zimfuneko akubalulekile nje kuphela ukuze kutholakale isibonelelo, kodwa kuqinisekisa nokuthi sisebenza ngendlela efanele. Inhloso iwukuba izinsiza zifinyelele kulabo abazidinga ngempela, ngaleyo ndlela kusizwe ekugcineni ukuzinza komnotho kwemindeni ethinteke ngenxa yokungasebenzi.

Usicela kanjani isibonelelo sokungasebenzi?

Inqubo yokufaka isicelo sesibonelelo sokungasebenzi ilula ngokulinganiselwe, kodwa kudingeka uqaphele imininingwane futhi uhambise imibhalo ngendlela efanele. Ngezansi kuchazwe inqubo evamile okufanele ilandelwe yizakhamuzi ukuze zithole lesi sibonelelo:

1. Thola ukuthi yisiphi isikhungo esibhekele lolu hlelo: Abafaka izicelo kufanele baxhumane nesikhungo sezokuphepha komphakathi noma nesikhungo esiqokelwe ukuphatha lezi zibonelelo.
2. Lungisa imibhalo: Kudingeka kuqoqwe yonke imibhalo edingekayo, kuhlanganise nezitifiketi zomsebenzi nobufakazi bokukhokha iminikelo ohlelweni lwezokuphepha komphakathi.
3. Gcwalisa ifomu lesicelo: Izinhlangano eziningi zinefomu elithile. Kufanele ligcwaliswe ngolwazi olunembile noluyiqiniso.
4. Thumela isicelo: Uma ifomu seligcwalisiwe futhi yonke imibhalo isiqoqiwe, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhambisa lonke ulwazi esikhungweni esifanele.
5. Lindela impendulo: Ngemva kokuhambisa isicelo, izakhamuzi kufanele zilindele ukuhlolwa nokugunyazwa kwesibonelelo.

Kubalulekile ukuba abazuzi baqaphele izinsuku ezibekiwe nezimfuneko ezibekwa yisikhungo. Noma yiliphi iphutha noma ukungabikho kwemibhalo kungabambezela ukugunyazwa kwesibonelelo noma kuze kuholele ekunqatshweni kwaso.

Iziphetho nge-Mecanismo de Protección al Cesante

I-Mecanismo de Protección al Cesante iyithuluzi elibalulekile kubantu abaningi baseColombia ababhekene nokungasebenzi. Ngesibonelelo sokungasebenzi, abantu bangathola uxhaso lwesikhashana olungabasiza ukukhokhela izidingo zabo eziyisisekelo ngesikhathi befuna umsebenzi omusha.

Kubalulekile ukuba izakhamuzi zazi izimfuneko nenqubo yokufaka isicelo salesi sibonelelo. Ngale ndlela, zingalisebenzisa ngokugcwele leli thuba futhi zibe neqhaza ekubuyeleni kwazo emsebenzini. Kufanele futhi zikhumbule ukuthi ukusebenzisa lesi sibonelelo ngokuzibophezela kubalulekile ukuze siqhubeke siphumelele.

Ekugcineni, le ndlela iyimpendulo ephumelelayo enkingeni yezemisebenzi ethinta imindeni eminingi eColombia, inikeza ikhefu nethemba ezikhathini ezinzima. Ngayo, kulindeleke ukuthi kungagcini nje ngokunciphisa imiphumela yokungasebenzi, kodwa kuphinde kukhuthazwe isiko lokuzibophezela nokuzinikela ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wezwe.