Thola ukuthi usifaka kanjani isicelo soxhaso lwabangasebenzi nezimfuneko zalo ezibalulekile

Ukungasebenzi kungaba yinto ekhathazayo ethinta abantu abaningi. Nokho, zikhona ezinye izindlela ezinganikeza usizo lwezezimali kulezi zikhathi ezinzima. Isibonelelo sokungasebenzi esihlinzekwa yizikhwama zesinxephezelo siyindlela ebalulekile kulabo abaphelelwe umsebenzi.

Inhloso yalesi sibonelelo ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa komphakathi kwezakhamuzi zaseColombia. Ngalolu sizo, kuhloswe ukunciphisa imiphumela yezomnotho ebangelwa ukungabi nawo umsebenzi. Lapha uzothola lonke ulwazi oludingekayo mayelana nokuthi ungazithola kanjani lezi zinzuzo.

Kusukela enanini ongalithola kuya ezimfunekweni ezithile, lesi sihloko sichaza ngokugcwele ukuthi ungasifaka kanjani isicelo sesibonelelo sokungasebenzi ngezikhwama zesinxephezelo.

Awusebenzi? Thola ukuthi sisebenza kanjani isibonelelo sokungasebenzi esinikezwa yizikhwama zesinxephezelo somndeni.

Lapho umuntu ephelelwa umsebenzi, kuvamile ukuba akhathazeke futhi adangale ngenxa yesimo sakhe sezimali. EColombia, uMbuso ususebenzise izindlela zokusiza abantu abangasebenzi ukuba babhekane nalesi simo esinzima. NgokoMthetho 2225 ka-2022, kwabekwa imithetho yokuthi izikhwama zesinxephezelo somndeni zinikeze usizo lwezezimali oluhlukahlukene kulabo abaphelelwa umsebenzi.

Simalini isibonelelo sokungasebenzi?

Inani elingatholwa ezikhwameni zesinxephezelo liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umuntu unesikhathi esingakanani engasebenzi nangezinye izici. Ngokuvamile, izakhamuzi ezifaka isicelo salesi sibonelelo zingathola imali isikhathi esingafika ezinyangeni ezi-4. Le mali ikhokhwa ngenani elehla kancane futhi ibalwa kusukela ku-40% kuya ku-10% ka-1.5 wamaholo amancane asemthethweni anyanga zonke akhona njengamanje.

Inkokhelo yokuqala, ngokwalokho okubekwe eMthethweni, ingaba cishe ngu-$780.000 COP. Lolu hlobo losizo lwenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kwezezimali ngesikhathi umuntu ongasebenzi efuna ithuba elisha lomsebenzi.

Usifaka kanjani isicelo sesibonelelo sokungasebenzi sezikhwama zesinxephezelo?

Inqubo yokufaka isicelo sesibonelelo sokungasebenzi yenzelwe bonke abantu baseColombia abafuna umsebenzi nabake banikela eSikhwameni Sesinxephezelo Somndeni isikhathi esingangonyaka okungenani phakathi neminyaka emithathu edlule. Lokhu kuhlanganisa abasebenzi abaqashwe abanye kanye nabazisebenzayo. Kubalulekile ukuba abafaka izicelo bahlangabezane nemibandela ethile ebalulekile ukuze izicelo zabo zicutshungulwe.

Yiziphi izimfuneko zokuthola isibonelelo sokungasebenzi?

• Umuntu kufanele ngabe usebuqedile ubudlelwano bakhe bomsebenzi futhi engasebenzi ngempela.
• Uma ezisebenza, akufanele abe nezinkontileka ezisasebenza noma omunye umthombo wemali engenayo.
• Kudingeka ukuba umuntu anikele eSikhwameni Sesinxephezelo isikhathi esingangonyaka okungenani phakathi neminyaka emithathu edlule.
• Abafaka izicelo kufanele babhalise kwenye yezinsizakalo eziqinisekisiwe zokuthola umsebenzi eziyingxenye Yenethiwekhi Yezinsizakalo Zokuqashwa.
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka ukuba babhalise ezinhlelweni zokuqeqeshwa nokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono ngokwemigomo ebekwe uHulumeni Kazwelonke.
• Ukuze bathole usizo lwemali, labo abahola imali efinyelela emaholo amancane amabili kufanele ngabe bonge okungenani u-10% wesilinganiso somholo wabo wanyanga zonke wonyaka odlule njengemali yesinxephezelo sokuphela komsebenzi.

Nansi indlela yokuthola isibonelelo

Ukuze bathole isibonelelo sokungasebenzi, kubalulekile ukuthi abafake izicelo bahlangabezane nazo zonke izimfuneko ezishiwo ngenhla. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi abantu abanentshisekelo bangathola ulwazi olwengeziwe kuwebhusayithi ye-Ministerio de Trabajo (uMnyango Wezabasebenzi), ikakhulukazi esigabeni esinikezelwe ku-Mecanismo de Protección al Cesante (Uhlelo Lokuvikela Abantu Abaphelelwe Umsebenzi).

Inqubo yokubhalisa ilula, kodwa kudingeka kulandelwe izinyathelo ezithile. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko esikhwameni sesinxephezelo somndeni obhalise kuso. Lapho uzothola usizo oludingekayo ukuze uqonde zonke izimfuneko nokuthi kufanele uqhubeke kanjani nesicelo.

Uma sekuqinisekisiwe ukuthi zonke izimfuneko ziyagcwaliseka, kufanele kulungiswe imibhalo edingekayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa, phakathi kweminye imibhalo, isitifiketi seminikelo ekhokhelwe esikhwameni sesinxephezelo kanye nobufakazi bokuthi ubulokhu ufuna umsebenzi ngenkuthalo. Inhlangano ingacela neminye imibhalo kuye ngenqubo yayo yangaphakathi.

Ekugcineni, isicelo kufanele silethwe ehhovisi lesikhwama sesinxephezelo noma ngeziteshi zedijithali ezivuliwe. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinsuku ezibekiwe zokuletha izicelo, njengoba zingahluka kuye ngesifunda.

Ngemva kokufaka isicelo, isikhwama sesinxephezelo sizosihlola bese sazisa umfakisicelo ngesinqumo saso. Uma umxhaso uvunyiwe, ohlomulayo uzoqala ukuthola izinkokhelo ezifanele ngokohlelo olubekwe yisikhungo. Lezi zinkokhelo zenziwa nyanga zonke, futhi inani lazo lizokwehla kancane kancane phakathi nenkathi yezinyanga ezine.

Izinzuzo ezengeziwe zomxhaso wokungasebenzi

Ngaphezu kosizo lwezimali, umxhaso wokungasebenzi ohlinzekwa yizikhwama zesinxephezelo unganikeza nezinye izinzuzo. Ngokwesibonelo, eziningi zalezi zinhlangano zinikeza nokufinyelela ezinhlelweni zokuqondisa abantu ngokufuna umsebenzi nokuqeqesha, ezingasiza abantu abangasebenzi ukuba bathuthukise amakhono abo futhi bandise amathuba abo okuqashwa.

Kunconywa kakhulu ukubamba iqhaza kulezi zinhlelo, njengoba imakethe yemisebenzi inokuncintisana okukhulu futhi ukuba namakhono asesikhathini kungaba nomthelela omkhulu lapho ufuna umsebenzi omusha. Izifundo Zokuqeqeshwa ziyindlela enhle hhayi kulabo abathola umxhaso kuphela, kodwa nakunoma yiliphi ilungu elifuna ukuthuthukisa iphrofayela yalo yobungcweti.

Isiphetho

Umxhaso wokungasebenzi wezikhwama zesinxephezelo uyithuluzi elibalulekile kulabo ababhekene nenselele yokungasebenzi. Ukwazi inani lawo, izimfuneko nokuthi ungasifaka kanjani isicelo kubalulekile ukuze uthole le nzuzo. Ngalolu sizo, izakhamuzi zaseColombia zingathola indlela yokubhekana nalesi sikhathi esinzima sokungasebenzi futhi zizilungiselele ikusasa elingcono emsebenzini.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi nokusebenzisa wonke amathuba anikezwa uHulumeni nezikhwama zesinxephezelo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokuphila ngalezi zikhathi zoshintsho emsebenzini.